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Font Properties
Typeface
font-family: "New Century Schoolbook", Times, serif
font-style: normal, italic, oblique
font-weight: normal, bold, bolder, lighter, 700 etc
font-size: small, large, x-small, xx-small, 20pt, 2em ...
font-variant: small-caps, normal
Font shorthand
font: italic bold 12pt/14pt Times serif

Fonts define the different typefaces (the metal that hit the paper) to be used to render text, CSS defines five main classes:

serif
G: marks are added at the end of each stroke
sans-serif
G: no marks are added at the end of each stroke
monospace
G: equal spacing for each character
cursive
G: like handwriting
fantasy
G: anything else